CONSTANTINO EL GRANDE (RELIGIÓN)

Constantino era hijo de Constancio Cloro y de Santa Equia-postólica Elena. En el año 306 fue proclamado emperador.

En el año 312 surgió la guerra contra Majencio. Antes de un combate decisivo, Constantino vio en el cielo un brillante signo de la santa Cruz con las palabras que le acompañaban: "Con ésta vencerás." De noche le apareció en sueños el Salvador y presagió la victoria. Constantino ordenó confeccionar la imagen de la Cruz sobre todos los estandartes. En la batalla que sobrevino, Constantino ganó una decisiva victoria.

Después de convertirse en el único emperador romano, Constantino dedicó toda su vida al servicio del cristianismo. Declaró la libertad de confesión de la fe cristiana (313), puso fin a los juegos y holocaustos paganos, otorgó privilegios al clero y a las iglesias, confirmó la santificación del día domingo, construyó numerosos templos cristianos y derogó las leyes gentiles dirigidas contra el cristianismo.

EL PRIMER OBISPO DE JERUSALÉN

El primer obispo de Jerusalén fue El Apóstol Santiago quien se desempeñó como presidente del Concilio de Jerusalén en el año 51, lo que demuestra que el Apóstol Pedro no se consideraba como primero exclusivo entre los apóstoles. El Apóstol Santiago llevaba una vida santa, era virgen, no comía carne, no bebía vino y frecuentemente rezaba en el templo de Jerusalén prosternado sobre tierra en oración; por eso la piel de sus rodillas se hizo muy dura.

Los judíos le llamaban el justo. En el transcurso de 30 años reforzó y difundió la fe en Jerusalén y en toda Palestina entre muchos miles de judíos (Hech. Ap. 21:20).

THE FOURTH VOYAGE

 

The king and queen freed him and even gave him money and ships for a fourth voyage. This one left Spain in 1502 and sailed to the island of Martinique and then to Honduras, in Central America. After more exploring in the Caribbean, Columbus returned home to Spain (he was sick), in 1504. He died two years later, still believing he had reached Asia.

The Fourth Voyage: towards the interior of Colombia

Sebastian de Belalcazar took charge of the fourth stage of the Conquest. He was already founder of Quito. After that, he followed his way to the north and founded Popayan and Cali in 1536. Nicolás de Federman came from Coro, Venezuela and founded Rioacha.

This stage took place in the inner part of the country, looking for The Dorado. It was a strategy of the indigenous tribes to get rid of the Spanish. They left looking for a city made of gold. Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada started this stage in the North and founded Santa Fe de Bogota in 1538.

THE EARTH

The Earth, our planet, is composed by three kinds of materials distributed in layers. These layers can be gaseous, solid or liquid.

Gaseous Layer:

It forms the atmosphere that surrounds the planet. The atmosphere has several zones defined as troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and ionosphere.

Solid Layer:

It’s formed by the crust, the mantle and the core.

Liquid Layer:

It is also called Hydrosphere. It’s the mass of water found on, under and all over the surface of the Earth.

MOON MOTIONS

ROTATION:

It is the movement made by the moom around its own axis. It takes 27 days, 7 hours and 43 minutes.

ORBITAL MOTION:

It is the movement made by the Moon around the Earth. It takes 29 days, 12 hours and 44 minutes.

REVOLUTION:

It is the movement made by the Moon around the Sun at the same time than the Earth.

STATISTICS (MATH)

A continuación encontrarán información sobre lo trabajado hoy (día 2) en la clase de math. Por favor realizar las actividades.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1t0KOhotHccgmfj1_drNymyustYSjRKhRQarj0lM8j-c/edit

THE MOON

THE MOON

The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth. It is the nearest celestial body to our planet. The Moon is the only celestial body on which human has landed.

Characteristics of the moon:

1.    It is a solid body, with a spherical shape.

2.   It has not light on his own. Its brightness is the reflection of the sunlight.

3.   There is not water or air in it.

4.   It does not have atmosphere.

5.   Its size is a quarter of the Earth’s size.

6.   It presents smooth dark zones and clear zones.

7.   Its dusty surface is covered with deep craters.

PHASES OF THE MOON

The Phases of the moon are the different aspects that the Moon takes due to the reflected light on its surface. This aspect changes constantly during a month. There are 4 basic phases of the Moon.

1.    First Quarter:

At this moment the dark diminishes, while the enlightened zone increases constantly. The half of the surface is enlightened.

2.   Full Moon:

In this period, the Moon surface is enlightened completely.

3.   Last quarter:

In this phase we can see that the enlightened face diminishes, while a dark shadow covers the half of the surface.

4.   New Moon:

In this period the Moon face becomes completely dark, to appear later, slowly.

ARAUCA DEPARTMENT

                                                         

Arauca is a department of Colombia located in the extreme north of the Orinoco (the Llanos Oriental), bordering Venezuela. It is bordered to the south by the Casanare River and the Meta River. To the west borders with the Boyacá Department. The Caño Limón oil fields located in its territory accounts for 30% of Colombian oil output.

Its capital is the town of Arauca. Arauca is considered one of the regions most affected by the Colombian armed conflict.

Arauca has 7 municipalities among Arauquita, Saravena, Tame, Puerto Rondón, etc.

The first conqueror to arrive was Nicholas Araucanian lands Federman in the year 1539.

The main activities in this department are: agriculture, cattle farming, fishing and crude oil production.

CASANARE DEPARTMENT

                                                               

Casanare is a department of Colombia. It is in the central eastern region of the country. Its capital is Yopal. It contains oil fields and an 800 km pipeline (oleoducto) leading to the coastal port of Coveñas owned by BP. At the North of the Department is located Casanare River; at the South Upia and Meta River; at the East Meta River; at the West Boyaca and Cundinamarca.

CASANARE has 19 municipalities among Agua Azul,  Támara, Villanueva, etc.

In 1553 Alonso Herrera explored this territory.

The main activities in CASANARE are: agriculture, cattle farming and crude oil production.

ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE

ADJECTIVE	COMPARATIVE	MEANING
Good	Better	Bueno
Bad	Worse	Malo
Little	Less	Pequeño
Many	More	Más
Happy	Happier	Feliz
Angry	Angrier	Enojado
Thin	Thinner	Delgado
Busy	Busier	Ocupado
New	Newer	Nuevo
Wise	Wiser	Prudente
thoughtful	More Thoughtful	Pensativo/ atento
Careful	More Careful	Cuidadoso
Peaceful	More peaceful	Tranquilo
Pleasant	More Pleasant	Agradable
Generous	More generous	Generoso

LOS DIÁCONOS

LOS DIÁCONOS

Este vocablo griego tiene diversos significados, tales como "siervo, ministro, escritor, asistente”. El diácono es elegido para su función para servir por el término de uno o dos años, según lo determine la iglesia local.

El diácono no está autorizado a presidir ninguno de los ritos o las ordenanzas de la iglesia, ni puede realizar la ceremonia de matrimonio. No puede presidir ninguna de las reuniones administrativas de la iglesia.

Los primeros diáconos elegidos en Jerusalén fueron: Esteban, hombre lleno de fe y del Espíritu Santo, a Felipe, a Prócoro, a Nicanor, a Timón, a Parmenas y a Nicolás.

La obra de los diáconos comprende un amplio campo de servicios prácticos para la iglesia, tales como:

1. Ayudar en los servicios y las reuniones. 

2. Visitar a los miembros. 

3. Preparar los servicios bautismales.

4. Ayudar en el servicio de comunión.

5. Cuidar de los enfermos y los pobres. 

6. Cuidar y mantener la propiedad de la iglesia. 

TRIANGLES AND ANGLES

TRIANGLES

All triangles have 3 sides and 3 angles which always add up to 180°.
Triangles are classified in 2 ways:

1)   By the number of equal sides they have:
  • Scalene - all 3 sides have different lengths
  • Isosceles - 2 sides have equal lengths
  • Equilateral - all 3 sides are equal

 

2)  By the types of angles they have:
  1. Acute triangle - all 3 angles are acute (less than 90°)
  2. Right triangle - has one right angle (a right angle = 90°)
  3. Obtuse triangle - has one obtuse angle (an obtuse angle is greater than 90° and less than 180°).

 

META DEPARTMENT

                                     

Meta is a department of Colombia. It is close to the geographic center of the country, to the east of the Andean mountains. At the north of this department is located Cundinamarca, Meta and Upia Rivers; at the south is located Caqueta. A large portion of the department, which is also crossed by the Meta River, is covered by a grassland plain known as the Llanos. Its capital is Villavicencio.

This department has 29 municipalities as Villavicencio, Acacías, La Macarena, among others.

Meta was conquered by Alonso de Herrera, Nicolás de Federman, etc. They were looking for El Dorado.

The main economical activity is the cattle farming and the agriculture (rice, canha, corn, banana, beans, etc).

In this department is located La Serranía de la Macarena and the River of five colors (Caño Cristales).

QUADRILATERALS

En el siguiente link encontrarán la información referente al tema.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZfAD9a6B27VMefdnJ8__11WCjBa20nEp7S34Qdsc-kE/edit?hl=en_US

POLIGONOS

Polygons

A polygon is a plane shape with straight sides.

Polygons are 2-dimensional shapes. They are made of straight lines, and the shape is "closed" (all the lines connect up).
Polygon comes from Greek. Poly- means "many" and -gon means "angle".

Types of Polygons

Simple or Complex

A simple polygon has only one boundary, and it doesn't cross over itself. A complex polygon intersects itself!

                 

EL NACIMIENTO DE LA IGLESIA

LA VENIDA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO

Al llegar el día de Pentecostés, estaban todos reunidos en un mismo lugar.

Y de repente vino un estruendo del cielo, como si soplara un viento violento, y llenó toda la casa donde estaban sentados.

Entonces aparecieron, repartidas entre ellos, lenguas como de fuego, y se asentaron sobre cada uno de ellos.

Todos fueron llenos del Espíritu Santo y comenzaron a hablar en distintas lenguas, como el Espíritu les daba que hablasen.

En Jerusalén habitaban judíos, hombres piadosos de todas las naciones debajo del cielo.

Cuando se produjo este estruendo, se juntó la multitud; y estaban confundidos, porque cada uno les oía hablar en su propio idioma.

Estaban atónitos y asombrados, y decían: —Mirad, ¿no son galileos todos estos que hablan?

¿Cómo, pues, oímos nosotros cada uno en nuestro idioma en que nacimos?

Partos, medos, elamitas; habitantes de Mesopotamia, de Judea y de Capadocia, del Ponto y de Asia, de Frigia y de Panfilia, de Egipto y de las regiones de Libia más allá de Cirene; forasteros romanos, tanto judíos como prosélitos; cretenses y árabes, les oímos hablar en nuestros propios idiomas los grandes hechos de Dios.

COLUMBUS' VOYAGES (FIRST AND SECOND)

FIRST VOYAGE

On August 3rd 1492. Christopher Columbus left from Palos de Moguer with the three ships: the Pinta, the Niña and the Santa María. Three months later on October 12th 1492, he arrived in Mainland. After many problems (The ships got damaged, there was not enough food and mistreatment was a daily occurrence), they got in to an Island, that Columbus called San Salvador , Guanahaní, was the original name given by the natives. Today it is part of the Bahamas.

SECOND VOYAGE

Columbus organized this trip in a very short time. He had now 17 caravels and 1500 men. He departed in September 1493. He explored many places in the Antilles (West Indies), one of those places was Puerto Rico, but he called it San Juan.

When he arrived in La Española he found some of the men he had left, dead. They have died because they did some wrong to the natives. Therefore he founded a new settlement he named La Isabella, in honor to the queen.

EJEMPLOS DE VULNERABILIDAD (CÍVICA)

Puedes visitar este link en donde encontrarás información referente a  VULNERABILIDAD

                                            
http://www.unisdr.org/2004/campaign/booklet-spa/page8-spa.pdf

SOLID FIGURES (MATH)

Solid figures

Solid figures are three-dimensional.

Prism: A prism is a figure made of two parallel faces that are polygons of the same shape and sides that are parallelograms.Rectangular prism: A prism with rectangular faces. The following is a rectangular prism.

Triangular prism: A prism with triangular faces. The following is a triangular prism.
Cube: A cube is a prism with squares for sides and faces. The following is a cube.

Pyramid: A figure with a base that is a polygon and triangular sides. The following is a pyramid.
Cone: A cone has a circular base connected to a vertex.The following is a cone.
Cylinder: A cylinder has two equal circular bases that are parallel.The following is a cylinder.
Sphere: A figure with a curved surface in which all points on the surface are equal distance from the center.The following is a sphere.